Diabetic Ketoacidosis

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Endocrine Clinical reference

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

DKA: hyperglycemia (>250) + anion gap metabolic acidosis + ketonemia. Predominantly T1DM. Precipitants: infection, insulin omission, new T1DM. Hourly glucose + electrolyte monitoring critical.

DKA diabetic ketoacidosis ketoacidosis
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Core official overview

What this condition is

What is diabetes?If you have diabetes, your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. A hormone called insulin helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. With type 1 diabetes, your body does not make insulin. With type 2 diabetes, your body does not make or use insulin well. Without enough insulin, the glucose stays in your blood.What health problems ca…

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Terms

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Diabetic ketoacidosis

ICD-10 quick links

Codes

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E13.10 Other specified diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis without coma
Common tests

Tests performed

Glucose (>250) ABG (pH <7.30, bicarb <18) Anion gap (>12) Serum ketones/beta-hydroxybutyrate BMP (K+ critical) CBC Urinalysis Blood cultures (if febrile) ECG
Common medications

Recognize the drug and the class

IV Normal saline (1-2L in first hour) Insulin: Regular 0.1 units/kg/h IV (start when K+ ≥3.5) Potassium replacement (20-40 mEq/h until K+ ≥3.5) Phosphate (if <1.0) D5W (when glucose <200)
Related nursing diagnoses

NANDA diagnoses & care plans

Use these direct links to open nursing diagnoses and care-plan support related to Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Deficient Fluid Volume Unstable Blood Glucose Level Risk for Electrolyte Imbalance Deficient Knowledge
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Diabetes Complications What is diabetes?If you have diabetes, your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. A hormone called insulin helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. With type 1 diabetes, your body does not make insulin. With type 2 diabetes, your body does not make or use insulin well. Without enough insulin, the glucose stays in your blood.What health problems ca… Hyperglycemia What is blood glucose?Blood glucose, or blood sugar, is the main sugar found in your blood. It is your body's primary source of energy. It comes from the food you eat. Your body breaks down most of that food into glucose and releases it into your bloodstream. When your blood glucose goes up, it signals your pancreas to release insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps the glucose get into your cells to be used for en…